ChooseFI

Roth Conversion Ladder

Th
thinkpad12 · · 2 replies

I am still very early in FI journey, but I am trying to understand how I will bridge the gap between my FI date and 59.5.

Right now I am maxing my 401(k), Roth IRA, HSA, and contributing to a brokerage. This means I am leaning pretty heavy into pre-tax assets in the 401(k). I am doing this because it saves me some taxes in the 22% federal bracket and some state income tax. I also believe that when I am FI I can basically fill up the standard deduction and the 10% and 12% federal tax brackets. Obviously ACA will be in play, too. I am basically saying that I am forgoing the 22% federal bracket now to in theory pay a lower rate in the future with a Roth conversion ladder strategy. TBD on state income tax. I have family in states with no state income tax, but I don't think a 4-6% state income tax is what makes or breaks my plan.

I plan to bridge the ~5 year gap by having a year or two of living expenses in cash, using my brokerage, and using my Roth IRA contributions. Once I get through those first 5 years I would then live on the Roth conversions and continue doing this until 59.5. I also think this could mitigate a big RMD tax bomb in the future. I would also like to do this with a paid off house and car to keep my baseline expense very reasonable.

For a plan that is still far away in the future does this sound like the write way to go about this? I will have no pension and do think that ~20-25 years of social security contributions should get me something.

Share
Share on Facebook
Share on X
Share on Reddit
Share via Email
Copy link

Replies (2)

Roberto Sánchez

Roberto Sánchez

1 week ago

The comment by @Traveller830FI is overall really good. (I can't seem to interact with it, that is to like it or to reply to it, which I think might be bug that Jonathan needs to address. So, I'll live my comment as a top-level reply.)

However, the only tweak I would make would be to factor in legacy planning to help guide whether you want to prioritize drawing from traditional pre-tax accounts before taxable brokerage.

For instance, if you plan to leave everything to a registered charity, church, religious entity, or such that is tax exempt, I wouldn't bother trying to prioritize getting out pre-tax assets before Roth. The reason is that whether you leave such an entity $1M in a Roth IRA or $1M in a Traditional IRA, the tax implications are entirely identical. However, if you leave your assets to children/grandchildren/other family/anyone who is required to pay taxes, then you might be able to get at traditional pre-tax investments very efficiently first, and leave Roth assets (which are already taxed and so don't incur a tax burden on the heir) and taxable assets (which receive an automatic step up in basis).

Matt Lammer

Matt Lammer

1 week ago

Don't worry at all about drawdown where you're at. Just focus on the best use of each next Saved/Invested Dollar, for the Accumulation Phase. That's

www.bogleheads.org

or

FOO - Your Ultimate Guide to Money Guy's Financial Order of Operations | Money Guy

.

Early retirees know the money is easily accessed from anywhere. In your last year or 2 prior to retirement, you'll simply assess what assets you hold where, and extract them most efficiently.

How to Access Retirement Funds Early

.

I've been retired over 5 years, since age 45. In general, drawdown goes: 1) surplus cash, 2) turn off reinvesting within taxable brokerage, 3) taxable brokerage, 4) SEPP from Traditional IRA (rolled over from 401k/etc), 5/Last) Roth IRA. As you're drawing down in retirement, your taxable income typically goes down and incremental Roth Conversions layer in to fill up targeted tax brackets/ rates. A fiduciary advice-only CFP can help you figure out how to optimize cash flow of retirement goals from your various accounts.

Comments

Your comment will be posted after signing in
Join the Conversation

Create an account or sign in to post a comment.

Username
Email

No password needed. We'll send a verification email.

Email
Password

Get Brad's weekly FI strategies — free

Join ChooseFI

Start your financial independence journey

  • Access to the ChooseFI community
  • Exclusive FI resources and tools
  • Weekly actionable insights
or

Already have an account? Log in

Try searching for

⌘K to open anytime

Your FI Journey

1/3

Step 1 of 3

How familiar are you with Financial Independence?